Daily Rationale:   The attack on Pearl Harbor is the first event many students associate with World War II.  Students also need to be aware of the events taking place in Europe before Pearl Harbor and how the United States became involved in the war on the European front.  Students must be able to recognize the importance of Adolf Hitler and the formation of the Nazi party as well as Benito Mussolini and his rise to power in Italy.

Objectives:
These objectives are based on requirement 11, page 111 in the Alabama Course of Study
By the end of the lesson on The Opening Round, students will:
                1-be able to describe the rise of Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini with 90% accuracy by presenting a news broadcast to the class.
                2-be able to define fascism with 90% accuracy by answering questions presented in class.
                3-be able to give a reports on various military movements in Europe that set the stage for World War II with 90% accuracy by presenting a news broadcast to the class.
                4-be able to give a report on the Japanese invasion of Manchuria with 90% accuracy by presenting a news broadcast to the class.
                5-be able to discuss the Neutrality Act of 1939 with 90% accuracy by answering questions presented in class.
                6-be able to discuss the importance of the Lend-Lease Act with 90% accuracy by answering questions presented in class.
                7- be able to discuss the events that led the Japanese to attack Pearl Harbor with 90% accuracy by answering questions presented in class.

Initiating Activity:
                 -have students sit quietly while I read Yertle the Turtle by Dr. Seuss
                 -ask students what they think the book is about

Procedures:
                -students will draw a number from a box (3 sets of 1-6 for AP, 5 sets of 1-6 for Adv./Reg.)
                -distinguish a place for each group to meet
                -each group must develop a news broadcast for an event that led up to the United States’ involvement in World War II.
                -students will get information for the news broadcast from Chapter 14 in their text
                -assignments:
                -Group 1 – Mussolini’s takeover in Italy and the invasion of Ethiopia.
                -include background information on Mussolini
                -Group 2 – Hitler’s rise to power, the formation of the Nazi party
                -include background information on Hitler
                -Group 3 – The occupation of the Rhineland and German forces take over the Sudetenland
                -Group 4 – Munich Conference and German take-over of Czechoslovakia
                -Group 5 – French and British alliance with Poland and German invasion of Poland
                -Group 6 – Japanese invasion of Manchuria
                -make sure groups present in chronological order to insure students understand the chronology of the time period and events taking place.
                -make sure students not presenting are taking notes on each presentation
                -explain to students the Tripartite Pact made between Germany, Italy, and Japan
                -explain to students that FDR watched Japan carefully and began to build up the U.S. army and moved the American Pacific Fleet to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii from San Diego, California.
                -put up transparency of Neutrality Acts
                -explain to students the importance of these acts by discussing the Cash and Carry policy
                -explain to students how the U.S. began to help Great Britain more as German aggression grew
                -discuss the United States presidential election of 1940 and how FDR’s easy victory encouraged him to push for greater American involvement in the war
                -put up transparency of Lend Lease Act and explain its importance in aiding Great Britain
                -explain to students the reasoning behind cutting off all Japanese trade with the U.S.
                -ask students what they think FDR should have done
                -put up transparency photo of Pearl Harbor attack and explain the activities of December 7, 1941
                -explain to students declaration of war by Germany and Italy

Culminating Activity:
                -pass out handout of FDR’s Pearl Harbor speech to Congress
                -have students read Pearl Harbor speech aloud and ask questions from handout

If-Time Activity:
                -construct a K-W-L chart on the board based on what the students already know about World War II and what they want to learn about World War II.

Evaluation:
                -As I address each objective, I will be asking questions to make sure students understand each topic.  I will also make sure each news broadcast includes all of the material necessary and that all students understand the events in Europe and Japan that led to war.

Materials:
                -Yertle the Turtle by Dr. Seuss
                -group assignments  for news broadcasts
                -numbered pieces of paper for students to draw (3 sets of 1-6 for AP, 5 sets of 1-6 for Adv./Reg.)
                -transparency on Neutrality Acts
                -transparency on Lend Lease Act
                -transparency photo on Pearl Harbor Attack
                -handout of FDR’s speech to Congress about Pearl Harbor
                -America Pathways to Present textbook